Education policy Essay

culture the canonic select Object of did acquiticsal activity Importance of gentility ground of Pakistans missional formation procreational placement in Pakistan primeval execution Indicators for Education carcasss PROBLEMS OF EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN 1. strong point of Education 2. Disparity of System at Provincial Level 3. Gender Discrimination 4. wishing of practiced Education 5. Low solelyocation of funds 6. Inefficient Teachers 7. P everywherety 8. rottenness 9. Social imbalance 10. Mis steering of System 11. Infrastructure Problems 12. Private educatedays scheme 13. Lack of commandal policies 14. gain in macrocosm 15.Lack of attention of the cheek 16. Lack of uniform breedingal formation 17. culture medium of counsel 18. Education as a business 19. Delay in re vernalal of policies and syllabus 20. Political Interference SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM 1. position should be medium of Instruction 2. Talented and equal Staff 3. sue the l ack of teachers 4. Primary companionship should be render domineering 5. Increase in teachers incentives 6. Translation of foreign research to topical anaesthetic wording 7. develop on characteristic learning- 8. Scholarships and financial support to students 9. Special fiscal packages 10.Betterment of education policies and teachers calculateshop 11. Infused Technical Education 12. promotional material of first-string education Conclusion Essay Education the sanctioned inquire Education is the light of the life. Education proves to wiz of the virtually important factors for the outgrowth of homo civilization. Education enhances human status and leads e reallyone to propriety. it is a continuous and lifelong process. It attri merelyes most important, precious and permanent property of an individual. Education provides manpower, strengthens national unity and uplifts human beings awargonness. It invites positive and constructive change in life.It attracts our li fe really thriving and meaningful. Everyone wants to be soundly educated. Life can be successful by the help of appropriate education. Educated person can single say what is correct and what is wrong And locks the appropriate and right decision b arly noncivilised person discloses to do so. Object of Education Robert Maynard Hutchins describes it as The object of education is to prep ar the young to educate themselves done with(predicate) out(p) their lives. We should give our youth the instruction to educate themselves. Edward Everett said that Education is a better safeguard of self-reliance than a standing army. Importance of Education We all know the immenseness of education. It is the most important aspect of each nations selection today. Education builds the nations it determines the future of a nation. ISLAM similarly tells us about Education and its importance. The real essence of Education according to ISLAM is to know ALLAH however I think in our soil we truly lost. N any our schools nor our madrassas (Islamic Education Centres) ar truly educating our youth in this regard. In schools, we be unspoilt preparing them for Money. We bent educating them we are just preparing Money Machines.We are single increase the burden of the books for our children and just enrolling them in a reputed, big school for what, just for social status On the other hand in our madrassas we are preparing wad who realizes very difficult to adjust in the spick-and-spanfangled society. Sometimes it seems that they are from a nonher jutet. A madrassa student cant compete even in our nation then the World is so far from him. He finds very difficult to even speak to a school boy. It is crystal clear that Islamic Education is necessary for Islamics but it is also a fact that without modern education no one can compete in this world.There are many examples of Muslim Scholars who non only study the Holy Quraan but also know the other subjects like Physi cs, Chemistry, Biology, Astronomy and many much, with the help of Holy Quraan. I think with the current education dodge we are narrowing the agency for our children instead of widening it. There is no doubt that our children are very talented, both in schools and in madrassas, we just get hold of to give them proper ways to groom, give them the space to become Quaid-E-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Allama Iqbal, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Alberoni, Abnalhasam, or Einstein, Newton, Thomas Edison.The education system we are running with is non bestowing any more. We pitch to find a way to bridge this cattle ranch between school and madrassa. Background of Pakistans Educational System Numerous world(prenominal) assessments could explore that Pakistan is dawdle behind many countries in achieving the Education for All goal (EFA). We were the signer to the treaty on a lower floor Dakar Framework where it was decided by all the developing countries that they will be trying to obtain the target of EFI in the meeting held in Senegal in 2000.UNESCO browses in Pakistan are at a lower EFA development Index (EDI) be hunting expedition of low enrolment at primary school, big(p) literacy, sexual practice equity and e lumber, equalities in education and feeling of education. The adult literacy in Pakistan, in spite of concerted efforts, fail to go beyond the border line of 50 percent. The women literacy is much more pick at as thirty three percent of the adult women cannot even read. The more embracing would be that we would not be catching the target to achieve the adult literacy by 2015.Progress towards the achievement of the targets is exceptionally slow, age gender parity goal is at risk of not being achieved by 2015. Moreover, more than 6 million children are out of school. Educational System in Pakistan Education system in Pakistan is really having a badly configuration at the moment. There is no doubt in accept the fact that education stands the backbone for the development of nations. Looking at the narrative of nations, we may safely pull ahead the conclusion that the advanced nations of the world could reach the zenith of prestige and power taking support from education.The allotments for education are excessively meager, and in spite of allocation, the amount is not spent for what it was meant for as the subversive activity is found in all the tiers of education and also because of the same pitch shot from the administration institutions that is much below the desired and aspired directs. Private education in Pakistan is far reaching for the paltry and the derangement of this quality education does not deal the country the way they are supposed to. Planning for education does not go in congruence with the require and implement the Great Compromiser ever ignored, so by this way the system is getting more spoiled preferably than flourishing.Our universities have failed to produce the planners, developers, implementers, a nd decision makers. Rather the turnover is a mis partner off with the ground realities, the half backed persons we are producing are of no use to us. The students we come across are degree seekers rather than the experience. The increase in number of colleges and universities does not mean that we are red ink by the standards rather these are worsening, a simple evidence of which is that no Pakistani university could find a space among the top 1000 universities of the world. The socio- scotch scenario is right off attached with the status of Education in the country.The developed world managed to outdo up their education in line with the needs and market requirements. patronage the recent achievements, a lot more is necessary to be make as the country still faces numerous contests which cause deterrence. We are nether obligation to raise the education of our population to the level of our South Asiatic neighbors, to combat our own social and economic wants to the satisfactor y level. The very shell of Pakistans education domain more than 150,000 ordinary education institutions help over 21 million students and a huge reclusive sector that serves another 12 million presents formidable challenges.Education is found to be the cheapest and tangible defense mechanism for a nation on the social, political, and economic fronts. But the drink trodden condition of education in Pakistan bears an ample deposition of the fact that it is unable to defend its own sector. Over the span of 64 years, the nation has been given the 23 policies and action plans but we could not receive the march towards success and are waiting for a savior who could take the system out of turmoil. There were ample spending in the government of Pervaiz Musharraf on education and due to which, we could see the visible positive educational change in Pakistani society.Currently the economic situation in Pakistan is under severe stress and education sector has received the highest ti nct in Pakistan. The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan has led to the fact in the following words, The state of Pakistan shall re preempt illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education deep down minimum possible period. In pitying development Report, Pakistan is placed at 136th position because its 49. 9% population comes under the definition of education. The dropout rate is alarmingly high at the primary level consequently, it is revealed by the Data Center of UNESCO, that 33. 8% females and 47.18% in males could result through the most initial level of education. We may be decisive about the ground reality that people in the 6th largest country of the world have no access to the basic education even. Key Performance Indicators for Education Systems The frequently used indicators for assessing education and its systems are adult literacy rates, male and female enrollment at different levels of education, union rate in the different areas of the cou ntry the dropout rates, the amount of resources allocated to education as a proportion of the gross domestic product and some measures of the quality of education being pursued.At the moment, the workability of these indicators rests on the footing of authenticated and recent data so that the plan details may be worked out with confidence. Irony of fate, the indicators, their footings and the quality of data all want more authenticity, but regrettably, Pakistans record lacks objectiveness and rationality on all counts. PROBLEMS OF EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN 1. Medium of Education The system of education in Pakistan is operative in match with the local needs and ground realities.It is almost a decisive factor that the education in the mother tongue surrenders more dividends but we have the system more segregated and diversified just contrary to our requirements. A redeeming(prenominal) example of it is that we fail to decide about the Medium of education over the span of 64 years. Dif ferent mediums are operational in both, public and cliquish sector. This creates a sort of disparity among people, dividing them into two segments. 21. Disparity of System at Provincial LevelThe Regions of Pakistan in the name of provinces are not at par as regards the infrastructure, availability of staff, their training, content mastery allocation of resources and their utilization. This develops a disparity not only in the system but in the turnover too. There is a need to revisit the schools in Baluchistan (The Largest Province of Pakistan by area) because these are not that much groomed as that of Punjab (The Largest Province of Pakistan by Population). In FATA, the literacy rate is deplorable constituting 29. 5% in males and 3% in females.The conditions are to be make more acceptable about doctrine and learning in all parts of the country without any discretion. 22. Gender Discrimination We should have know how of the population comprising females, unfortunately their educa tion is not attended to the way it was deemed fit. The gender discrimination is a cause that is contribute towards the low participation rate of girls at the basic level of education. The male and female participation ratio is projected at the primary school in the shape of ratio of boys & girls as 104 respectively.In the decade passed, government invited private sector to bring up the responsibility of education of the youth. The intent was also to provide the education at the door ill-treat to the children especially the female students. The private sector took up the challenge and there was an increase in the growth of private schools but this step didnt cause the increase in the students or the quality. The masses could not be attracted because of precious education. It created clear cut tiers of society and created a gap among those with the haves and have nots. 23. Lack of Technical EducationThere is a craze for the white collar jobs for the same pupils. Select the cosmopol itan rut of education, though they have the least tilt or the capacity to recognise with the demands. China, Japan and Germany have the ruts for those who have a taste for and do not achieve the excellence in the world-wide rut of education. We have unploughed the opportunities open for all to participate in general education at all levels especially the university level. We could not attract the general masses towards good education making them to earn of their own act as the entrepreneurs and make their living without being the burden on the government.Education system is needed to be revamped making a space for the science, IT, management, and pupil with the excellence to go to the higher(prenominal) education pursuing the education of their own choice. Lesser idiom on technical education means the lesser manpower for persistence and hence the lesser finance generation. 24. Low allocation of funds The allocation of funds for education is very low as it never went beyond 1. 5 to 2. 0 percent of the total GDP. Even this amount was not employ and had to be surrendered back to the government because of want of expertise and the knowledge of codal formalities and in time release of funds.There is a need to increase it around 7% of the total GDP keeping in view the allocations by the neighboring countries, there is also a need to rationalize the share at the different levels not ignoring any. 25. Inefficient Teachers establishment fails to attract the potential candidates for teaching with the zeal vigor and excellent carrier. teaching is rated as the lowest among the jobs for the youth, because of lesser incentives, slow promotions and lesser fringe benefits. The teachers in government schools are not well groomed and equipped with knowledge and training.People who do not get job in any other sector, they try their luck in educational system. There is a need to reorganize pre-service and in-service trainings making them matched with the requirements ra ther to keep them ideal, unique and novel. 26. poorness Poverty is growing over the years. The average class is vanishing like anything. It happens to be a curse for the nation that exists without having the average income group. The escalation of poverty has restricted the parents to air their children to tasks for child labor or at least to public or private schools.In these schools, the drop out is very high because schools are not the attractive places, the curriculum is dry and the teaching does not match the live situations. Poor parents are constrained to send their children to madressahs where the education is entirely free. 27. Corruption Corruption causes the educational policies, plans and projects to fail because of being the major contributing factor. There is no accountability and transparency in the system, the salaries are low, the incentives are too less to be accounted and even those are uneven. An estimated Rs. 2,594 million out of a total of Rs.7,016 million p rovided for improvement of school facilities such as buildings, electricity, drinkable water, etc had gone unaccounted during the fiscal periods 2001-06 (UNESCO Bano, 2007). Similarly, more than 70% literacy centers in Punjab remained inoperative or exist only on paper (ADBP, 2007). The chances of ghost schools should be evaded by involving the community in the processes of inspection and monitoring. 28. Social imbalance The students from the elite group class follow the O and A levels curriculum instead of Pakistans routine orthodox and stagnant curriculum.They have little or no awareness of their religion and culture whereas those passing out from Urdu medium schools are ordinarily destined to work in clerical and lower level positions. Religious madrassas churn out yet another class that is usually unaware of the world outside their own perception. 29. Mismanagement of System Teachers absenteeism, poor professional training, sub-standard materials and obsolete teaching methods a ct as the major contributing(prenominal) factors towards the low enrolment in schools.Burki (2005), opines that most of the public schools are either mismanaged or poorly managed. They are found imparting education of inferior quality through substandard textbooks and curricula that do not cater the needs of the 21st century. The education should be establish on learning outcomes through suggesting multiple books rather than following a single book as an obligation. 30. Infrastructure Problems The dropout rate of those lucky enough to be enrolled goes beyond 45% as has been divulged by the several reports.Most of the public sector educational institutions stay in a status of poor condition absentminded even basic facilities, resultantly shaking the presupposed standards of education. There are cardinal areas that yawp for pressing concentration which are curriculum, textbooks, examinations, and teacher training (Hoodbhoy, 2001). The textbooks need be made more facilitating, stu dent and learning friendly. 31. Private school system Private Schools in Pakistan enroll more students than in other countries of the region. They least bother about the capacity and facilities available, they rather over burden the teaching staff.The rapid mushroom growth of private schools and academies of teaching reflect the peoples lack of trust in the public sector schools twin with a deficiency of sufficient educational institutions to cater to the needs of the steady growing population. However, there are certain private schools which are slenderly better than the public ones. In the elite schools where the quality education is offered, glowering fees is charged that continues to be a enigma. These private sectors schools are meant only for a special sector of the population and are out of the reach of general masses.The private sector schools should be brought under the control of rules making these middling accessible for the common population. 32. Lack of educationa l policies The National Education indemnity (1998-2010) was developed prior to Dakar. It has a clear cut vision and direction to support the education department. Since the 2001, the Ministry of Education has developed a number of insurance documents including that of National Education policy (2009) but the endeavors remain focused on paper work more rather than the operationalization, though the involvement of NGOs and internationaldevelopment agencies is very much there. The simple reason is that the plans are deadly and not the ground reality based. The policies should be environment friendly. . 33. Increase in population Literacy in Pakistan has risen from 45 to 54 percent within the span of 2002 to 2006, simultaneously primary enrollment rates have also increased from 42 to 52 percent. The population explosion could not change to catch the targets. In spite of the increase in the certain parameters, the participation rate in Pakistan remains the lowest in South Asia. aboard it, there are marked male-female, inter-regional and rural-urban disparities Only 22 percent of girls, compared to 47 percent boys, complete primary schooling. Female literacy in rural Baluchistan is only 32 percent compared to high urban male literacy rates (and 80 percent among the urban male in Sindh) 34. Lack of attention of the authorities Most of the criticisms leveled against the education procedures and practices may be rationalized through improving governance and accountability.It would be tangible and workable if we could go for considering the merit, alter capacity building, change magnitude investments in education as an industry and finally giving the heir and fire powers to the administrative heads. The private sector and the banks should finance the educational milieu with confidence, as at the moment, we are spending 2. 3 percent of GDP which is the lowest in South Asia. 35. Lack of uniform educational system There is a crying need for quality which calls for ho mogeneity among the adjectival formalities like the observance of the curriculum.Had it been uniform the working for it, further elongation becomes easier and getting the intellect skimmed out of masses becomes possible. Currently, the poor are deprived of education in the elite institutions which are causing the development of a special class. This class doesnt work for the nation they work elsewhere but are fed through the national resources. 36. Medium of Instruction We took a long period in deciding that what our medium of instruction would be, till now we dont have a clear picture before us. It is good to have the National language as the medium of colloquy provided we have a rich cheer of knowledge.In our case, we do not fail to develop Urdu to cope with the apt needs nor do we restate the stone of knowledge available for our national use. 37. Education as a business Education has been pursued by some of the people as an industry but because of being illiterates, they f ail to cope up with the stipulated standards. The leader with vision spoils the mission as well as the projects undertaken. Their only intent is money making that has caused the decay in the standards, induction of sub-standard staff, and depriving the de suffice to grow.They dont want to catch with the move of success but they try to be good entrepreneurs. 38. Delay in renewal of policies and syllabus/Political Interference There is a need to continuously update the curriculum because if it goes stale, it does not equip the beneficiaries with the saleable skills and expertise. At the first place, the problems cited have arisen due to lack of fealty and inefficient management on the part of state. The policies lack long term vision and its execution of instrument strategies are being affected by undue political interference.In addition to it, the measures taken are not evidence based and geared by the vested interests of the authorities. Whatever strategies have been applied fail ed to promote the rational and particular thinking skills amongst the students. At the second place, we find lack of resource commitment and realistic effectuation alongside poor allocated resource utilization. As relevant statistics are not available, slaying of the education policy has not been successfully executed. At the third place, we come across weak budgetary readiness because of staggered data and least coordination among the data maintaining units (USAID, 2006).The coordination, match with the assessment, project design and implementation are not to the desired level within the government and with the donor agencies. The harmonization is missing too between the federal and provincial governments which cause drastic problems in the policy implementation. The policy formulating, planning and implementing bodies work in isolation as the water tight compartments. The governments mention is very much restricted and does not go beyond its detail quarters.It should have to be extended to non-state sectors to initiate and mobilize the action. Teachers does not unremarkably form the part of policy making process, hence the process of share and consultation remains missing. It leads to implementation of educational policies without consultation, thus the efforts go in vain (UNESCO, 2007). Over the span of time, what we have learnt is to go for dialogue, and keeping the private and public sector on board. The matter of access to education and challenges to quality remain at stake as being unresolved in spite of much policy deliberation.Recently, Minister of Education announced a new Education policy for that next 10 years ignoring the fact that the antecedent educational policy span still persists that was from 1998 to 2010. The policy has projected new plans and promises to the nation pointing to the fact that all the public schools will be raised(a) to the level of private schools within the shortest period of time. In the absence of a plan of act ion, the suggested plan of action would not work. The schools have been put under obligation to use the national curriculum and aid the students of 5th and eighth class to take board exams.This has disturbed the students of private sector also. It is urged that the Universities should be the research centres and must not be allowed to act as the examining bodies for graduate or post-graduate examinations. Allocations are supposed to be made to the aspired levels as UNO suggests a country to allocate at least four percent of its GDP towards education but here in Pakistan we are just allocating less than two percents of GDP. Even that is not fully utilized because of procedural formalities. Suggested Solutions for Educational System 13. English should be medium of InstructionEnglish language should be the medium of instruction from beginning to the higher levels of learning. National language should be a supporting language for communication facilitation and every day business. Effor ts should be made to enhance the knowledge treasure in the national language through translation of the research based information. 14. Talented and qualified Staff Hiring should be made from amongst the highly qualified and the teachers should be paid not according to the level of education but the qualification of the staff. 15. Fulfill the lack of teachersEfforts should be made to bring down the student-teacher ratio to 151 in lieu of current 401. Consequently, the number of teachers will have to be enhanced, leading to the rise in number of teachers and enabling the competent persons to be inducted to the system of education. 16. Primary education should be made compulsory Primary education should be made compulsory and free (it is already free of cost but not compulsory). It should also be made appealing, impressive, interesting and utilitarian to attract the general masses. 17. Increase in teachers incentivesTeachers should be offered more financial benefits by increasing thei r pays. 18. Translation of foreign research to local language University professors should be boost to conduct and share the research to the concerned stakeholders. They should also be asked to translate the foreign research into local languages for sharing it with the lower formations of education enabling them to implement/take benefit out of it. 19. Check on distinctive education- Government should strictly check all private educational institutions for keeping a balance of standards and level of practices. 20.Scholarships and financial support to students Students should be offered more scholarships and government should support the intelligent and outstanding students to prosper, develop and serve their local community rather than migrating to the big cities. 21. Special Financial packages The plight here in Pakistan is that students are genius but they use their intelligence information in negative way, hence, contributing nothing towards the development of country. Another problem with Pakistan is brain drain. Capable and outstanding professionals prefer foreign jobs instead of serving in their own country.This is due to the low financial benefits and indifferent strength of government towards them. Recently Government should provide them facilities and special financial packages to encourage them to stay in their own country. 22. Betterment of education policies and teachers workshop In the view of importance of education, the Government should take solid steps towards implementation instead of projecting policies. In this regard, the allocations should be made easy and seasonably from provinces to districts and then to educational institutes. Workshops must be arranged for teachers as a continuous feature for learning.23. Infused Technical Education Technical education should be infused into the regular system stream. The education board of Punjab has projected a plan to give tech- education to the children of industrial workers. 24. Promotion of primary education Promotion of the primary education should be made possible by consulting teachers, professors and educationists while devising any plan, syllabus or policy for it. There should be a balance in reliance on public and private for enabling education to reach the general masses in its confessedly shape.Students outlook is to be broadened by taking them out of the books into the practical realities. Education is the only cure of disability of the state and for bringing revolution through evolution and by eradicating the social evils through education. Conclusion Education serves as the backbone for the development of nations. The countries with the trenchant impressive need oriented, saleable and effective system of education comes out to be the leaders of the world, both socially and economically. It is only education which can turn a burden of population into productive human resource.Pakistans current state demands that the allocations for education be doubled to meet the challenges of EFI, gender disparity and provision of teachers in the work places earlier than 2018 as per stipulated qualifications. Millennium Development Goals are yet to be realized latest by 2015. The natural calamities, political turbulence, provincialisms, and political motivations make the best planned, fail. The allocations towards the sector of education could not be enhanced because of the earlier. We have to revisit our priorities to keep the country on the track of progress.